161 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
161 lines
9.1 KiB
Markdown
# Beta Spectrum Calculation Toolkit
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A modular Python package for calculating high-precision **beta decay energy spectra**. It models the spectral shape of nuclear transitions by combining well-established physical corrections into a coherent, configurable pipeline.
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**Features:**
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- Numerical evaluation from near-zero kinetic energies up to the endpoint
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- Selective inclusion of higher-order corrections via `SpectrumConfig` toggles
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- Clean, composable component architecture
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- Built-in visualization and CSV export via `BetaSpectrumAnalyzer`
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- Comprehensive scientific reference in [`docs/`](docs/)
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______________________________________________________________________
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## Core Concept
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The beta spectrum is constructed as a product of independent correction factors:
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$$N(W) \\propto p W (W_0 - W)^2 \\times \\prod_i C_i(W)$$
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Each $C_i(W)$ is an independently implemented and toggleable component.
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______________________________________________________________________
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## Project Structure
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```
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beta_shape_pnpi/
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├── pyproject.toml
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├── docs/ # Obsidian knowledge base (physics theory & references)
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│ ├── README.md # Vault overview + navigation index
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│ ├── Hayen2017_summary.md # Full paper summary backbone
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│ ├── 00-beta-spectrum-overview.md # Master equation, all corrections table
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│ ├── 01-fermi-function.md # Fermi function F₀(Z,W)
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│ ├── 02-phase-space.md # Phase space p·W·(W₀−W)²
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│ ├── 03-finite-size.md # L₀, U, DFS corrections
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│ ├── 04-screening-correction.md # Atomic screening S(Z,W)
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│ ├── 05-exchange-correction.md # Electron exchange X(Z,W)
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│ ├── 06-radiative-corrections.md # Outer radiative δᵣ(W,W₀)
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│ ├── 07-recoil-effects.md # Weak magnetism, recoil kinematics
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│ ├── 10-nuclear-structure.md # Shape factor C(Z,W), BB vs HS formalisms
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│ ├── 12-atomic-overlap.md # Bahcall correction r(Z,W)
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│ ├── 13-chemical-effects.md # Molecular environment effects
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│ └── refs-hayen2017.md # Key equations reference table, citations
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├── beta_spectrum/
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│ ├── __init__.py # Public API: constants, utilities, classes
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│ ├── base.py # Abstract SpectrumComponent base class
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│ ├── constants.py # Physical constants (natural units, m_e = 1)
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│ ├── utils.py # Helpers: T<->W conversion, momentum, nuclear radius
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│ ├── spectrum.py # BetaSpectrum + BetaSpectrumAnalyzer classes
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│ ├── nuclear_data.py # paceENSDF integration + JSON input support
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│ ├── cli.py # Command-line interface (bs_pnpi)
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│ ├── fitter.py # χ² curve fitting for C(W) extraction
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│ ├── cw_extractor.py # C(W) shape factor extraction + gV/gA analysis
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│ └── components/
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│ │ ├── phase_space.py ✓ Phase space shape (p·W·(W₀−W)²)
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│ │ ├── fermi.py ✓ Coulomb correction (loggamma for stability)
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│ │ ├── finite_size.py ✓ L0 expansion + charge distribution U term
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│ │ ├── screening.py ✓ Atomic electron screening (ratio method)
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│ │ ├── exchange.py ✓ Hayen-2018 empirical fit coefficients
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│ │ ├── radiative.py ✓ Outer radiative corrections, soft-photon resummation
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│ │ ├── detector_response.py ✓ Analytical detector response models
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│ │ └── recoil.py ✗ Not yet implemented
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├── tests/
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│ ├── test_radiative.py # Radiative correction tests (24 tests)
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│ ├── test_exchange.py # Exchange correction tests
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│ ├── test_fermi.py # Fermi function tests
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│ ├── test_finite_size.py # Finite size correction tests
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│ ├── test_phase_space.py # Phase space tests
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│ ├── test_screening.py # Screening correction tests
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│ ├── test_spectrum.py # Integration tests
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│ ├── test_detector_response.py# Detector response tests
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│ ├── test_fitter.py # Curve fitter tests
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│ ├── test_cw_extractor.py # C(W) extraction tests
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│ └── test_nuclear_data.py # paceENSDF + JSON input tests (23 tests)
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└── data/
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├── exchange_coeff.csv # Tabulated coefficients for X(Z,W), Z=2..120
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└── custom_input_example.json # Sample JSON input file
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```
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______________________________________________________________________
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## Architecture
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### `SpectrumComponent` (base class)
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Defined in `beta_spectrum/base.py`. All physics corrections inherit from this abstract base and implement:
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```python
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def __call__(self, W: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray
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```
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This makes every component stateless (or minimally stateful), vectorized, and composable.
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### `BetaSpectrum`
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Defined in `beta_spectrum/spectrum.py`. Orchestrates the calculation:
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- Combines components multiplicatively via `__call__(W)`
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- Factory method `from_config(config)` for declarative setup
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- Generates energy grids with `get_energy_grid(config)`
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- Returns individual component values via `calculate_components(W)`
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### `BetaSpectrumAnalyzer`
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Also in `spectrum.py`. Provides debugging and visualization tools:
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- `total_spectrum(normalize=True/False)` — computed spectrum array
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- `plot_analysis(save_path=None)` — 4-panel matplotlib figure (spectrum, components, cumulative effect, deviations from unity)
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- `export_to_csv(filename)` — export via pandas DataFrame
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- `get_data()` — return all numerical data for custom analysis
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______________________________________________________________________
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## Quick Start
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```python
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from beta_spectrum import SpectrumConfig, BetaSpectrum, BetaSpectrumAnalyzer
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config = SpectrumConfig(
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Z_parent=90, # Thorium-232 (example)
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Z_daughter=91,
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A_number=232,
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endpoint_MeV=4.8, # Q-value
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transition_type="A", # Allowed transition (default)
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)
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spectrum = BetaSpectrum.from_config(config)
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W, E_MeV = spectrum.get_energy_grid(config)
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values = spectrum(W)
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analyzer = BetaSpectrumAnalyzer(spectrum, config)
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analyzer.plot_analysis() # Show/ save 4-panel figure
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analyzer.export_to_csv("output.csv") # Export data to CSV
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```
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______________________________________________________________________
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## Components
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| Component | Module | Status | Description |
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| --------------------- | ---------------- | -----: | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Phase Space | `phase_space.py` | ✓ | Baseline $p W (W_0 - W)^2$ with transition-type-dependent forbidden factors and optional neutrino mass support |
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| Fermi Function | `fermi.py` | ✓ | Relativistic Coulomb correction via `scipy.special.loggamma` |
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| Finite Size L0 | `finite_size.py` | ✓ | Low-Z expansion from Hayen et al. with prefactor |
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| Charge Distribution U | `finite_size.py` | ✓ | Second-order $(1/5)(\alpha Z W R)^2$ correction |
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| Screening | `screening.py` | ✓ | Ratio method with logistic switching, energy shift $V_0$ |
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| Exchange | `exchange.py` | ✓ | Hayen-2018 Table X empirical fit (CSV data for Z=2..120) |
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| Radiative | `radiative.py` | ✓ | Outer radiative corrections (Hayen Eq. 47–53), soft-photon resummation at endpoint |
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| Detector Response | `detector_response.py` | ✓ | Analytical models: Gaussian, Gaussian+tail, Tikhonov, tabulated |
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| Recoil | `recoil.py` | ✗ | Stub only, not yet implemented |
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## Additional Modules
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| Module | Description |
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| --------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `nuclear_data.py` | paceENSDF integration + JSON input for automated `SpectrumConfig` generation |
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| `cli.py` | Command-line interface (`bs_pnpi`) for quick spectrum calculations |
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| `fitter.py` | χ² curve fitting for C(W) shape factor extraction from experimental data |
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| `cw_extractor.py` | C(W) extraction pipeline with gV/gA coupling constant analysis |
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